Browsing by Author "Mupere, Ezekiel"

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    Pertussis Prevalence and Its Determinants among Children with Persistent Cough in Urban Uganda
    (PLOS ONE, 2015-04-15) Kayina, Vincent; Kyobe, Samuel; Katabazi, Fred A; Kigozi, Edgar; Okee, Moses; Odongkara, Beatrice; Babikako, Harriet M.; Whalen, Christopher C.; Joloba, Moses L.; Musoke, Philippa M.; Mupere, Ezekiel
    Background We determined prevalence of pertussis infection and its associated host and environmental factors to generate information that would guide strategies for disease control. Methods In a cross-sectional study, 449 children aged 3 months to 12 years with persistent cough lasting 14 days were enrolled and evaluated for pertussis using DNA polymerase chain re action (PCR) and ELISA serology tests. Results Pertussis prevalence was 67 (15% (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 12–18)) and 81 (20% (95%CI: 16–24)) by PCRandELISA,respectively among449 participating children. The prevalence was highest in children with >59 months of age despite high vaccination cover age of 94%inthis agegroup. Study demographic and clinical characteristics were similar between pertussis and non-pertussis cases. Of the 449 children, 133 (30%) had a coughing household member and 316(70%)didnot. Among133children that hadacoughinghouse hold member, sexof child, sharing bed with a coughing household member and having a coughing individual in the neighborhood were factors associated with pertussis. Children that had shared a bed with a coughing household individual had seven-fold likelihood of having pertussis compared to children that did not (odds ratio (OR) 7.16 (95% CI: 1.24 41.44)). Among the 316 children that did not have a coughing household member, age <23 months, having or contact with a coughing individual in neighborhood, a residence with one room, and having acaretaker with >40 years of age were the factors associated with pertus sis. Age <23months wasthree times more likely to be associated with pertussis compared to age 24–59months(OR2.97(95%CI:1.07–8.28)). Conclusion Findings suggest high prevalence of pertussis among children with persistent cough at a health facility and it was marked in children >59 months of age, suggesting the possibility of waning immunity. The factors associated with pertussis varied by presence or absence of a coughing household member.
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    Predictors of laboratory spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome in children with high-grade tumours in Uganda
    (Sage, 2021) Apiyo, Mirriam; Bongomin, Felix; Balagadde, Joyce; Mupere, Ezekiel; Ndeezi, Grace
    High-grade malignancy is endemic in sub-Saharan Africa and is prone to the spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome. However, data on spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome remain scanty in our setting. We sought to determine the prevalence and factors associated with laboratory spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome in children in Uganda. We conducted a cross-sectional study among children <18 years old with histologically confirmed high-grade malignancy between October 2013 and April 2014. Laboratory spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome was defined as the presence of 2 of each of hyperkalaemia, hypocalcaemia, hyperuricaemia and hyperphosphatemia prior to administration of chemo therapy when alternative diagnoses had been excluded. A p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Of 108 chil dren, of median age 7.7 years, where boys outnumbered girls 2:1, high-grade, malignancy included Burkitt’s lymphoma, acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, acute myeloid leukaemia and Burkitt’s leukaemia, with 14 suffering with laboratory spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome. Hypocalcaemia was its most common electrolyte imbal ance; and four children died prior to commencement of chemotherapy. Bulky disease, lactate dehydrogenase levels 500 iu/l and serum creatinine levels >1.2 mg/dl were associated with laboratory spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome. However, only bulky disease was significantly predictive of laboratory spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome. Such children would benefit from routine screening.
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    Predictors of laboratory spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome in children with high-grade tumours in Uganda
    (Sage, 2021) Apiyo, Mirriam; Bongomin, Felix; Balagadde, Joyce; Mupere, Ezekiel; Ndeezi, Grace
    High-grade malignancy is endemic in sub-Saharan Africa and is prone to the spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome. However, data on spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome remain scanty in our setting. We sought to determine the prevalence and factors associated with laboratory spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome in children in Uganda. We conducted a cross-sectional study among children <18 years old with histologically confirmed high-grade malignancy between October 2013 and April 2014. Laboratory spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome was defined as the presence of 2 of each of hyperkalaemia, hypocalcaemia, hyperuricaemia and hyperphosphatemia prior to administration of chemo therapy when alternative diagnoses had been excluded. A p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Of 108 chil dren, of median age 7.7 years, where boys outnumbered girls 2:1, high-grade, malignancy included Burkitt’s lymphoma, acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, acute myeloid leukaemia and Burkitt’s leukaemia, with 14 suffering with laboratory spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome. Hypocalcaemia was its most common electrolyte imbal ance; and four children died prior to commencement of chemotherapy. Bulky disease, lactate dehydrogenase levels 500 iu/l and serum creatinine levels >1.2 mg/dl were associated with laboratory spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome. However, only bulky disease was significantly predictive of laboratory spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome. Such children would benefit from routine screening